Control statements regulate the flow of execution in a Python program. They determine how and when certain blocks of code execute.

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🔹 Types of Control Statements in Python

Python has three main types of control statements:

1. Conditional Statements (if, if-else, if-elif-else) → Decision making
2. Looping Statements (for, while) → Repetition
3. Jump Statements (break, continue, pass) → Control flow modification

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1️⃣ Conditional Statements (Decision Making)

Conditional statements allow Python to execute a block of code only if a condition is met.

✅ if Statement

Executes a block only if the condition is True.

age = 20
if age >= 18:
    print("You are eligible to vote.")

Output:

You are eligible to vote.

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✅ if-else Statement

Executes one block if the condition is True, otherwise executes another block.

age = 16
if age >= 18:
    print("You can vote.")
else:
    print("You cannot vote.")

Output:

You cannot vote.

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✅ if-elif-else Statement

Used when there are multiple conditions to check.

marks = 85

if marks >= 90:
    print("Grade: A")
elif marks >= 80:
    print("Grade: B")
elif marks >= 70:
    print("Grade: C")
else:
    print("Grade: D")

Output:

Grade: B

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2️⃣ Looping Statements (Iteration)

Loops are used to execute a block of code multiple times.

✅ for Loop (Definite Iteration)

Loops over an iterable (like a list, string, or range).

for i in range(1, 6):
    print(i)

Output:

1
2
3
4
5

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✅ while Loop (Indefinite Iteration)

Executes a block as long as a condition is True.

count = 1
while count <= 5:
    print(count)
    count += 1

Output:

1
2
3
4
5

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3️⃣ Jump Statements (Control Flow Modification)

Jump statements allow modification of normal flow inside loops.

✅ break Statement

Stops the loop immediately.

for i in range(1, 6):
    if i == 3:
        break  # Stops the loop at 3
    print(i)

Output:

1
2

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✅ continue Statement

Skips the current iteration and continues to the next.

for i in range(1, 6):
    if i == 3:
        continue  # Skips 3
    print(i)

Output:

1
2
4
5

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✅ pass Statement

A placeholder statement that does nothing (useful for defining empty functions or loops).

for i in range(5):
    pass  # Does nothing but avoids an error

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🔹 Summary Table of Control Statements

Statement	Purpose
if	Executes code if the condition is True
if-else	Executes one block if True, another if False
if-elif-else	Checks multiple conditions
for loop	Iterates over a sequence
while loop	Loops while a condition is True
break	Stops the loop immediately
continue	Skips the current iteration
pass	Does nothing, acts as a placeholder

Would you like real-world examples using these concepts? 🚀