When a file is opened using Python’s open() function, it returns a file object. This object contains several attributes that provide information about the file and its state.

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🔹 File Object Attributes

1️⃣ name – File Name

Returns the name of the file.

file = open("example.txt", "w")
print(file.name)  # Output: example.txt
file.close()

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2️⃣ mode – Access Mode

Returns the mode in which the file is opened ('r', 'w', 'a', etc.).

file = open("example.txt", "w")
print(file.mode)  # Output: w
file.close()

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3️⃣ closed – File Close Status

Returns True if the file is closed, otherwise False.

file = open("example.txt", "w")
print(file.closed)  # Output: False
file.close()
print(file.closed)  # Output: True

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4️⃣ readable() – Check Read Permission

Returns True if the file is readable.

file = open("example.txt", "r")
print(file.readable())  # Output: True
file.close()

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5️⃣ writable() – Check Write Permission

Returns True if the file is writable.

file = open("example.txt", "w")
print(file.writable())  # Output: True
file.close()

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6️⃣ encoding – File Encoding Type

Returns the encoding format of the file (default is 'UTF-8').

file = open("example.txt", "w", encoding="utf-8")
print(file.encoding)  # Output: utf-8
file.close()

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7️⃣ seekable() – Check If File Supports seek()

Returns True if the file allows random access (i.e., moving the file pointer).

file = open("example.txt", "r")
print(file.seekable())  # Output: True
file.close()

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8️⃣ fileno() – File Descriptor

Returns the file descriptor number assigned by the OS.

file = open("example.txt", "w")
print(file.fileno())  # Output: Some integer (e.g., 3)
file.close()

✅ Useful for low-level system operations.

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9️⃣ flush() – Flush Buffer Data

Writes all buffered data to the file immediately.

file = open("example.txt", "w")
file.write("Hello, Python!")
file.flush()  # Ensures data is written to the file
file.close()

✅ Useful when writing large files to ensure data is saved.

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🔹 Example: Using All Attributes

with open("example.txt", "w", encoding="utf-8") as file:
    print("File Name:", file.name)
    print("Mode:", file.mode)
    print("Encoding:", file.encoding)
    print("Is Readable?", file.readable())
    print("Is Writable?", file.writable())
    print("Is Seekable?", file.seekable())
    print("File Descriptor:", file.fileno())
    print("Is Closed?", file.closed)

print("After closing, Is Closed?", file.closed)

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🔹 Summary of File Object Attributes

Attribute	Description
name	Returns the file name.
mode	Returns the access mode ('r', 'w', etc.).
closed	Returns True if the file is closed.
readable()	Returns True if the file is readable.
writable()	Returns True if the file is writable.
encoding	Returns the file encoding (e.g., 'utf-8').
seekable()	Returns True if seek() is supported.
fileno()	Returns the file descriptor number.
flush()	Forces writing data from buffer to file.

Would you like a practical example, like monitoring file status while processing logs? 🚀